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RESEARCH ARTICLE
High-Sensitivity Visualization of Ultrafast Carrier Diffusion by Wide-Field Holographic Microscopy
Martin Hörmann, Federico Visentin, Andrea Zanetta, Johann Osmond, Giulia Grancini, Niek F. van Hulst, Matz Liebel, Giulio Cerullo, Franco V. A. Camargo
2023, 2023(5).   doi: 10.34133/ultrafastscience.0032
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Ultrafast transient microscopy is a key tool to study the photophysical properties of materials in space and time, but current implementations are limited to ≈1-μm fields of view, offering no statistical information for heterogeneous samples. Recently, we demonstrated wide-field transient imaging based on multiplexed off-axis holography. Here, we perform ultrafast microscopy in parallel around a hundred diffraction-limited excitation spots over a ≈60-μm field of view, which not only automatically samples the photophysical heterogeneity of the sample over a large area but can also be used to obtain a 10-fold increase in signal-tonoise ratio by computing an average spot. We apply our microscope to study the carrier diffusion processes in methylammonium lead bromide perovskites. We observe strong diffusion due to the presence of hot carriers during the first picosecond and slower diffusion afterward. We also describe how many-body kinetics can be misleadingly interpreted as strong diffusion at high excitation densities, while at weak excitation, real diffusion is observed. Therefore, the vast increase in sensitivity offered by this technique benefits the study of carrier transport not only by reducing data acquisition times but also by enabling the measurement of the much smaller signals generated at low carrier densities.
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Recent Advances and Perspective of Photonic Bound States in the Continuum
Guizhen Xu, Hongyang Xing, Zhanqiang Xue, Dan Lu, Jinying Fan, Junxing Fan, Perry Ping Shum, Longqing Cong
2023, 2023(5).   doi: 10.34133/ultrafastscience.0033
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Recent advancements in photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) have opened up exciting new possibilities for the design of optoelectronic devices with improved performance. In this perspective article, we provide an overview of recent progress in photonic BICs based on metamaterials and photonic crystals, focusing on both the underlying physics and their practical applications. The first part of this article introduces 2 different interpretations of BICs, based on far-field interference of multipoles and near-field analysis of topological charges. We then discuss recent research on manipulating the far-field radiation properties of BICs through engineering topological charges. The second part of the article summarizes recent developments in the applications of BICs, including chiral light and vortex beam generation, nonlinear optical frequency conversion, sensors, and nanolasers. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the potential of photonic BICs to advance terahertz applications in areas such as generation and detection, modulation, sensing, and isolation. We believe that continued research in this area will lead to exciting new advancements in optoelectronics, particularly in the field of terahertz devices.
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Ultrafast Laser Filamentation in Transparent Solids
Tianyang Yan, Lingfei Ji
2023, 2023(5).   doi: 10.34133/ultrafastscience.0023
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Ultrafast laser filamentation results from the interaction of ultrafast laser with Kerr media. During filamentary propagation, the transparent medium is altered by numerous linear and nonlinear effects of ultrashort laser pulses. Filamentation can cause material modification in solids through laser energy deposition and ionization processes, which creates a new opportunity for ultrafast laser processing of materials when combined with filamentary propagation characteristics, such as intensity champing and long propagation distance. This paper reviews the research on ultrafast laser filamentation in solids for micro- and nano-processing, including the fundamental physics, filamentation characteristics, and applications in solids for ultrafast laser filamentation-induced processing. Additionally highlighted are the difficulties and potential applications for solid-based filamentation-induced processing.
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