Volume 2021 Issue 1
Jun.  2021
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Yiwen E, Liangliang Zhang, Anton Tcypkin, Sergey Kozlov, Cunlin Zhang, X.-C. Zhang. 2021: Broadband THz Sources from Gases to Liquids. Ultrafast Science, 2021(1). doi: 10.34133/2021/9892763
Citation: Yiwen E, Liangliang Zhang, Anton Tcypkin, Sergey Kozlov, Cunlin Zhang, X.-C. Zhang. 2021: Broadband THz Sources from Gases to Liquids. Ultrafast Science, 2021(1). doi: 10.34133/2021/9892763

Broadband THz Sources from Gases to Liquids

doi: 10.34133/2021/9892763
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This research of University of Rochester is supported by the Army Research Office (Grant no. W911NF-17-1-0428), Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant no. FA9550-18-1- 0357), and National Science Foundation (Grant no. ECCS1916068). A. Tcypkin and S. Kozlov are supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant no. 19-12-00097). L. Zhang and C. Zhang are supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant no. JQ18015) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 12074272). The authors would like to thank Qi Jin, Kareem Garriga Francis, Fang ling, Yuqi Cao, Jianming Dai, and Evgenia Ponomareva.

  • Received Date: 2021-03-31
  • Rev Recd Date: 2021-05-08
  • Publish Date: 2021-06-25
  • Matters are generally classified within four states: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Three of the four states of matter (solid, gas, and plasma) have been used for THz wave generation with short laser pulse excitation for decades, including the recent vigorous development of THz photonics in gases (air plasma). However, the demonstration of THz generation from liquids was conspicuously absent. It is well known that water, the most common liquid, is a strong absorber in the far infrared range. Therefore, liquid water has historically been sworn off as a source for THz radiation. Recently, broadband THz wave generation from a flowing liquid target has been experimentally demonstrated through laser-induced microplasma. The liquid target as the THz source presents unique properties. Specifically, liquids have the comparable material density to that of solids, meaning that laser pulses over a certain area will interact with three orders more molecules than an equivalent cross-section of gases. In contrast with solid targets, the fluidity of liquid allows every laser pulse to interact with a fresh area on the target, meaning that material damage or degradation is not an issue with the high-repetition rate intense laser pulses. These make liquids very promising candidates for the investigation of high-energy-density plasma, as well as the possibility of being the next generation of THz sources.

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